Cylinder for fluid-pressure engines or pumps.



G.B.REDRUP. CYLINDER FOB. FLUID PRESSURE ENGINES 0R PUMPS APPLICATION FILED AUG.10, 1911.

1,030,681 Patented June 25, 1912. 1 2 Sums-51121111.

a J J 1 l l I I1 I A ll U. B. REDRUP.

CYLINDER FOB. FLUID PRESSURE ENGINES 0R PUMPS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 10, 1911. 1,030,68 1

Patented June 25, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

iiarZa g Z z z zga CHARLES BENJAMIN REDRUP, 0F CANTON, CARDIFF, ENGLAND.

CYLINDER FOR FLUID-PRESSURE ENGINES OR PUMPS.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES BENJAMIN REDRUP, a subject of the Klng of England,

' residing at Canton, Cardiff, in the county of Glamorgan, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cylinders forFluid-Pressure Engines or Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is for improvements in or relating to cylinders for fluid-pressure engines or pumps and has particular reference to internal combustion engines of the type wherein two or more cylinders are carried by a revolving crank-case, the cylinders being disposed radially relatively thereto.

The invention has for its object to provide a light engine which can be cheaply constructed and to this end one feature of the invention consists in employing with a cylinder of thin tubular material a shell of similar material of such diameter as to provide a space between it and the cylinder proper to receive one or more valves of the sleeve type.

By building each cylinder and shell of tubing providing a smooth exterior surface having no projecting parts, it can be passed through an orifice 1n the crank-chamber from within the latter and secured in place, for example by a shoulder provided on the part of the shell that lies within the crankcase and a nut that engages a screw-thread on that portion of the shell which lies outside the crank-case.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate one method of carrying out this invention as applied to a rotary cylinder engine :-Figure l is a section through the crank-case of a three-cylinder engine in the plane of the crank-shaft; Fig. 2 is a section through the crank-case at right angles to the crank-shaft with one of the cylinders also in section, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one of the valves.

Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

The cylinders are disposed radially around and project inwardly of the crankchamber A which is free to rotate upon the crank-shaft B. Each cylinder C is built of thin tube presenting a plain exterior surface. The part C constitutes the cylinder proper and surrounding this for its entire length is a shell D also formed of this tube. The shell D is of larger diameter than the cylinder C so that a space D is provided be- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 10, 1911.

Patented June 25, 1912.

Serial No. 643,456.

tween them wherein two valves E, each of semi-circular form as shown in Fig. 3, are mounted. The cylinder C and the shell D are kept in proper relation to each other by a head F that is screw-threaded at F to engage a screw-threaded enlargement or ring C in the end of the cylinder. The head F has a peripheral shoulder F that extends over an inwardly directed flange D on the end of the shell D. This flange extends inwardly over the end of the cylinder proper C and is thus clamped by the head F against the end of the cylinder, the head also serving to centralize the shell relatively to the cylinder. The space thus provided between the shell and the cylinders accommodates, as already stated, the valve E and at the crank-chamber end of the cylinder is a flange or distance-piece C that serves to maintain the relative position of these two parts at that end. Packing can be introduced at- C between this enlargement and the inner face of the wall of the shell D.

At the head end of the cylinder ports 0 are provided for inlet and exhaust and opposite these are ports D in the shell D. These ports are covered and uncovered by the valves E. The inlet and exhaust conduits for communicating with the ports and the mechanism for moving the valves are not shown in the drawings and need not be described as they form no part of the present invention.

In bringing the cylinders into position each cylinder after having the valves introduced in place and the shell secured by the head F, is introduced through one of the three orifices A in the crank-case and the exterior of the shell D with the head F being smooth with no projecting parts enables this to be done easily without the orifices having to be slotted or shaped otherwise than circular. The shell D is provided with a thick ened portion D that is screw-threaded to receive a nut D and carries a flange D The flanges on that side of the shell which lies within the crank-case thus serve as an abutment against which the cylinder is positioned and the nut D is then screwed on to the shell outside the crank-case thereby looking the parts rigidly to the crank-case. Each shell D is slotted at D to permit lugs E on the valves E to extend through them for connection to the valve operating mechanism.

Cylinders built up in the maner described with an exterior shell formed of thin material are cheaply and easily manufactured and the head F constitutes a simple and effective means for connecting the parts and sealing the head ends of the space D It will be seen that the flange D on each shell takes the whole centrifugal thrust of the shell and cylinder with its associated parts and is eminently adapted for this purpose.

hat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In an engine cylinder, the combination of an inner cylinder open at either end; a shell snrounding said cylinder and spaced therefrom to provide a valve working chamber, said shell having an inwardly disposed annular flange at one end thereof overlying the edge at one end of said inner cylinder; a head closing one end of said inner cylinder, said head having a screw-threaded flange in engagement with said inner cylin der, and engaging with the inturned flange at the end of said shell; and a valve mounted in said valve working chamber, substantially as described.

2. In an engine cylinder, the combination of an inner cylinder open at either end, and

provided with a screw-threaded end portion; a shell surrounding said inner cylinder and spaced therefrom to provide a valve working chamber, said shell having an annular flange at the end opposite the screw-threaded end of the inner cylinder engaging with said innercylinder and holding said shell and said inner cylinder in concentric re lation, and having at its opposite end an inwardly disposed flange overlying the screw-threaded portion of said inner cylinder; a head closing one end of said inner cylinder, said head having a screw-threaded flange engaging with the screw threads of said inner cylinder, and having a peripheral shoulder overlying the annular inturned flange of said shell; and a valve mounted in said valve working chamber, substantially as described.

3. In a fluid-pressure engine, the combination of a revoluble casing provided with apertures; a plurality of radially disposed cylinders located within said body and pro jecting therethrough, each of said cylinders comprising an inner cylindrical body and a surrounding outer shell, each of said shells having an annular flange and a screwthreaded portion, said flange adapted to abut against the inner edge of the revoluble casing; a ring having engagement with the screw-threaded portion of each shell and c0- operating with said annular flange to clamp the cylinder to said casing; said shell having an inwardly disposed flange overlying the outer edge of the cylindrical body; a cylin' Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Pate nts, Washington, D G. 

